All fostering services must review a foster carer in accordance with appropriate legislation, fostering regulations and guidance. The review will consider whether a foster carer's approval should continue and if there should be any changes to their terms of approval. Reviews are an opportunity to reflect on the previous year, acknowledge what has gone well, and consider any challenges as well as exploring the support needs of a foster carer. 

A review of foster carers’ approval must take place not more than a year after approval, and thereafter whenever the fostering service provider considers it necessary, but at intervals of not more than a year. A fostering service can choose to review a foster carer’s approval at any time. For example, an allegation or complaint might well trigger a review of approval, as could any major change in the foster carer’s household – for example, a serious health issue, or separation or divorce.

In England and Wales fostering regulations make it clear that the first review must go back to the fostering panel. After that, there is no legal requirement for a review to go back to panel, although the fostering service can choose to do so. In Scotland reviews must go back to panel at least every three years.

 

As the UK's leading fostering charity we offer practice support to member fostering across the UK.

Principles of reviews

The following principles should apply in terms of annual reviews: 

  • Fostering services should have a clear local policy and practice guidance in relation to how they undertake foster carer reviews.
  • Terms of approval should be reviewed to consider any changes in circumstances, household members, age and range of children cared for and so on.
  • Allegations or concerns may trigger the need for a review as could any major change in the foster carer’s household – for example, a serious health issue, or separation or divorce.
  • A report of the review must be written and shared with the foster carer and they should have the opportunity to include their own comments.
  • A review should at a minimum seek and take account of the views of the foster carer, any children in placement during the last year, and the children’s social worker(s).
  • Fostering services must prepare a written report setting out whether the foster carer is suitable to continue to foster, their household continues to be suitable and the terms of approval continue to be appropriate. This should be sent to the foster carer.
  • Where fostering services determine the unsuitability of approval of a foster carer, the carer must be informed of their rights and timescales to submit any written representations to the fostering service provider. 

 

Further information

 

How we can help foster carers

  • Our advice lines provide confidential, independent and impartial advice for foster carers in the UK. 
  • Our members also have exclusive access to our online community where you can log in to share your experience and get advice from other foster carers.

 

The review process

Each fostering service conducts reviews their own way, and this should be clear in the foster carer handbook. Usually, the review process will be led by the supervising social worker or an independent reviewing officer.

  • At a minimum, the reviewer should consult the foster carer, any children in placement during the last year, and the children’s social workers and write an annual review report.
  • It is also good practice for them to consult any birth or adopted children who still live at home or extended family who are significantly involved in the family’s fostering.  
  • They may also wish to seek the views of other professionals that the foster carer has worked with during the year – educationalists, children’s social workers, contact supervisors and so on.
  • The review process should consider any changes since the last review, including any changes in the household. It should also take into account the foster carer’s learning and development and any additional support that they need. 
  • If the report is going to panel, the foster carer should see it first, preferably at least two weeks before panel takes place.
  • The foster carer also has a chance to write their own response for the panel to consider. Foster carers are also entitled to attend and be heard at all panel meetings and to bring a supporter to the panel if they so wish.
  • The decision maker at a fostering service will make the final decision about a foster carer’s approval, taking into consideration all the information available to them including any recommendations made.   

 

Foster carer medicals

As part of a foster carer’s initial assessment and approval, they will need to have a medical. This is usually carried out by the foster carer’s GP who will have been sent documents by the fostering service. The GP then returns the forms to the designated authorised person in the fostering service. This person will then look at the report and pass on any information that may impact the foster carer’s ability to foster to the fostering team. 

Foster carers usually then complete a medical every three years, although this usually requires the foster carer and the GP completing forms rather than a visit to the GP. 

Medical information is only one part of the assessment, and there is nothing in the fostering regulations or standards that would direct a fostering service to turn down an application based on any named illness, disability, past or current medication or treatment. 

Any foster carer who is concerned about this process should speak to their fostering service or contact our advice lines.

 

Changes to terms of approval 

Usually, foster carers will be given terms of approval which set out the number of children, their gender, age range and any other information about the type of foster care that they are approved to provide. 

Once they have been fostering for a while, foster carers may want to ask for a change to their terms of approval – for example, to be allowed to foster older or younger children. 

Their supervising social worker might also want to suggest a change. The annual review is a good time to discuss this – the supervising social worker can then recommend any changes in their report. 

 

Termination of approval

In the event of complaints, allegations or standards of care concerns, a fostering service might want to terminate a foster carer’s approval. In this situation, the service’s report must go to panel. A foster carer should see any report before it goes to panel and has the right to write their own response and/or to be present, with a supporter, at the panel meeting.  

Following a recommendation by panel, the decision maker at the fostering service will decide on the foster carer’s approval. 

If a foster carer is not happy with the decision, they can make ‘representations’ and inform their fostering service who will take it back to their panel. In this situation the fostering service must bring together a differently constituted fostering panel.  

In addition:

  • in England and Wales, they can take the case to the Independent Review Mechanism (IRM) to seek a recommendation.
  • in Northern Ireland, foster carers who are unhappy with the outcome of a fostering panel can appeal, and their case will be heard by an independent panel
  • In Scotland, foster carers may request a review of a decision not to approve them as a foster carer, to terminate their approval or to vary the terms of their approval within 28 days of the date of notification of the decision.